SWIFTWATER, Pennsylvania. and LYON, France, November 20 /PRNewswire/ --
-- New Pre-Pandemic Vaccine Will Provide Additional Level of Preparedness
sanofi pasteur, the vaccines business of the sanofi-aventis Group (NYSE: SNY; EURONEXT: SAN) has signed a contract with the Office of Public Health and Emergency Preparedness, a division of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) for the production of bulk concentrate of a new type of H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccine. This contract covers clade 2 of the H5N1 virus (A/Indonesia) for use in the U.S. government stockpile. Previous stockpile contracts covered the clade 1 form of H5N1.
Manufacturing and stockpiling more than one clade of H5N1 vaccine is strategic because circulating H5N1 influenza strains are mutating and diverging into distinct antigenic groups. Stockpiling bulk material representative of strains constituting additional variants of the virus will allow manufacturers to gain experience with the production of these vaccines at full industrial-scale and will provide a supply of pre-pandemic vaccine more quickly, should it be needed.
The agreement is valued at up to US$117.9 million. The final value will depend on the number of doses that can be formulated from the bulk material. The bulk concentrate is being produced now. Potency testing will be conducted over the next few months to determine the concentration of the bulk material.
The H5N1 clade 2 bulk material is being manufactured from a seed virus provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The seed virus is a laboratory version of the wild-type virus and was extensively tested for safety prior to delivery to sanofi pasteur.
Analysis of viruses isolated from animals and humans since the emergence of the H5N1 virus in Hong Kong in 1997 shows that the majority of H5N1 viruses circulating during the past four years has since separated into two distinct clades of closely-related viruses. Clade 1 viruses circulated in Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam, and were responsible for human infections in those countries in 2004 and 2005. Clade 2 viruses circulated in birds in China and Indonesia in 2003-2004. In 2005-2006, Clade 2 viruses spread westward to the Middle East, Europe and Africa[1].
These activities are further examples of sanofi pasteur's commitment to global pandemic preparedness. The H5N1 viral strain has been identified by global health authorities as being a potential cause of a pandemic.
Pandemic Influenza Overview
Influenza is a disease caused by a highly infectious virus that spreads easily from person to person, primarily when an infected individual coughs or sneezes. An influenza pandemic is a global epidemic of an especially virulent virus, newly infectious for humans, and for which there is no preexisting immunity. This is why these pandemic strains have such potential to cause severe morbidity and mortality. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the next pandemic is likely to result in 1 to 2.3 million hospitalisations and 280,000 to 650,000 deaths in industrialised nations alone. Its impact is expected to be even more devastating in developing countries. In an attempt to minimise the impact of a pandemic, many countries are developing national and transnational plans against an eventual influenza pandemic situation.
sanofi pasteur and Pandemic Preparedness
sanofi pasteur, the vaccines business of the sanofi-aventis Group, is committed to global pandemic preparedness. As the world leader in research, development and manufacturing of influenza vaccine, sanofi pasteur is actively involved in projects in the U.S. and Europe, with the goal of developing a vaccine to protect against a pandemic influenza virus.
sanofi pasteur is also investing in a major expansion of its influenza vaccine production capacity in the U.S. and also of its vaccine production capacity in France (Val de Reuil facility).
In Europe, sanofi pasteur initiated and runs a large range of projects:
-- In France, sanofi pasteur sponsored the first clinical trials of an H5N1 influenza vaccine candidate that compared vaccines with and without adjuvants[2].
-- In France, sanofi pasteur was awarded a contract by the French Ministry of Health to produce a 1.4 million dose stockpile of the H5N1 candidate studied in the above-mentioned trial. Under this agreement, the company could also be called upon to provide enough vaccine to protect up to 28 million people in France in the event of a pandemic being declared, once the actual virus strain responsible is identified.
-- In Italy, in February 2006, sanofi pasteur provided candidate H5N1 vaccine to the Ministry of Health and entered into an agreement to provide an actual pandemic strain of vaccine, once a pandemic has been declared.
-- In Austria, in October 2006, data from the first, phase 1 clinical trial with sanofi pasteur's H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccine was presented at the International Conference for Influenza Vaccines. The data showed that the vaccine induces antibodies that neutralise recent H5N1 circulating viruses that were not included in the original vaccine formulation, further demonstrating the value of sanofi pasteur candidate vaccine for pandemic preparedness.
In the U.S., sanofi pasteur has a number of pandemic-related agreements with the U.S. government involving development of pandemic vaccine stockpiles, production of investigational doses and the development of cell culture technology, including:
-- In May 2004, sanofi pasteur contracted with the U.S. National Institutes for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to produce investigational doses. The doses were shipped to the NIAID in March 2005. The studies were completed in 2005 and the results were published in New England Journal of Medicine[3].
-- In September 2004, the company signed a contract with HHS to produce two million doses of bulk vaccine derived from the H5N1 viral strain. The bulk doses were produced and are being stored and can be formulated and filled upon government request.
-- In November 2004, the HHS awarded a contract to sanofi pasteur to expand and safeguard the egg supply needed to produce influenza vaccine and to formulate each year investigational doses for a potential pandemic influenza vaccine.
-- In April 2005, the HHS awarded a contract to sanofi pasteur to accelerate the development of a cell-culture influenza vaccine in the U.S. and to design a U.S.-based cell-culture vaccine manufacturing facility.
-- In September 2005, the HHS awarded a contract to sanofi pasteur to produce a vaccine to help protect against the H5N1 influenza virus strain. The US$150 million contract calls for sanofi pasteur to manufacture the vaccine in bulk concentrate form at its U.S. headquarters in Swiftwater, PA. The agreement provides for additional fees to be paid to sanofi pasteur for storage of the vaccine as well as for formulation and filling of the vaccine upon government request.
-- In February 2006, sanofi pasteur supplied NIAID with 15,000 investigational doses of H5N1 vaccine formulated with and without alum adjuvant for use in NIAID-sponsored clinical studies.
In Australia:
-- A contract has also been signed with the Australian government for the supply of vaccine in the event of a pandemic influenza outbreak.
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